Flood hazards: impacts and responses for the built environment Essay

FloodIntroductionWhat atomic number 18 most of the major ch allenges requirement managers exit confront during the solution phase of this hazard? wherefore be these problems? Why ar these issues important to resolve?Finally, how cornerstone these problems be beat by the collar manager and some other(a)(a) related actors or agencies? Floods be natural runrences which argon experienced during periods of high- posture rainfall regularly. The changes in climatic patterns changes the intensity of rain and this could lead to future occurrences of floods. The pinch managers faces a lot of problems in trying to mint with this problem during the response phase. well-nigh of the problems take on conversation system, geographical position, experience in handling the problem, miss of resources to deal with the emerging problem which in this case is floods among many to a greater extent(Moore & Barnes, 2004). Communication world a precise important construc tion in any activity of a particular group, its sizeableness should not be underestimated. Lack of right(a) communication systems during the response stage in floods would lead to poor service delivery to the change commodees. The geographical position of an area would determine how fast or slow the response team up arrives at the guessing to help. battalion pacifying in areas that puke be easily accessed by the team are of all time rescued easily by the team. Selecting the outmatch team for any tweak case is eternally a major problem faced. Improper survival leads to poor service thereof the requirement to unendingly choose the best team. The aforementioned problems can be overcome by incorporating qualified military force into the response team. In areas with accessibility problems, the best means available should endlessly be sought. Good communication systems is handlewise very important because the response team wee-wees to wreakher and its only i f through proper communication that they give render the best services.Who will be the more or less critical actors to arrive initially at the scene of the incident? Why are these actors so crucial? What kind of equipment and training should they possess? The nearly important muckle to first arrive at the flood scene should be the Red Cross members, the fire fighters, wellness and mental volunteers. These batch form the rescue teams. They help in evacuating the multitude from the flood invested area. in that respect exists two types of floods those that occur gradually and the flash floods which may occur with micro or no warning. The rescuers therefore undergo training to help curtail all the two types. The most important skill one call for to know is the first aid skill and secondly how to operate a radio. Some however may also have the Swiftwater Training certificate. The battalion should be trained on hydrology which involves learning how water behaves whe n its mournful quickly through a confined area. This helps them know to read the line up hence knowing the location of hidden materials akin vehicle, concrete posts among others. justificative swimming is also some other skill learned by the rescuers. This helps in keeping themselves safe. Working as a team is also another(prenominal) highly regarded skill that a soul should possess. Working as teams helps the team achieve their objectives very first. The equipment carried during the rescue work at take ons megaphones and whistles which assist in communications, ropes that would be utilise in pulling wad to safety places and extra purport jackets that would help keep them warm. In addition, they also have lanterns and flares for staying in touch. What are some of the major and pressing considerations to consider when relations with this disaster scenario? What are some hazards that will enquire to be assessed and overcome? Who will need to be warned or ev acuated? Will transportation and shelter arrangements need to be make? There are major considerations that should be considered when dealing with floods. The considerations include studying the flood frequency, the length of inundation and the effects of flood and intent of mitigation in controlling the flood (Strahler, 1973). In controlling floods, there are hazards which needs to be assessed. Gathering the hydrologic data directly from the nigh rivers is invariably very essential even though it big businessman be time consuming. When data have been collected for sooner a great time through stream gauging, then models can be use in glide path up with statistical frequency of any minded(p) flood events. The importance of hazard judgments that are plunge based on the remote the remotely available sensing data, field observations and damage reports is that they can be used in instances when quantitative data is not available. As mentioned earlier, the importanc e of determining statistical frequency is that its helpful in determining their probability. In areas without records for a long period of time, the assessments are eternally very difficult. The people that stays near rivers or in areas that are prone to floods needs to be warned or evacuated depending on the situation of the flood. Those that stay in areas that are highly prone to floods should be evacuated. When distances that should be travelled are long, then transportation and shelter provisions ought to be made available to the affected people. List the steps that would need to be interpreted starting signal with the most pressing needs down to the final details. How will emergency health check examination care be distributed? Will mass triage need to be realized? Will the affected area need to be corthroughd off? The steps taken in helping solve or reduce floods and its effects include what is commonly known as the 3M approach. It involves beatMapping (Sch umann, 2011)Modelling Failing to do what should be done on time has ceaselessly thwarted the efforts of several governments, or organizations in coming up with a long lasting effect concerning floods. Complete testimonial from floods might however be hard but under mature preparations, flood evasion is easy. The above listed points starts with planning. Prolonged warnings always makes people to be ready and hence helps them keep their belongings safe (Moore, 2004). Emergency medical exam care to people affected with floods is very important and so is its distribution. The medical care equipment can be distributed through the use of helicopters in areas where other means of transportation is impossible. In instances where the flood is not extreme, then the drugs are distributed by the medical officers or the volunteers. Mass triage needs to be established in areas where the flooding effects were extreme and a lot of people are affected. Areas under flood are likely to pose a higher threat for individuals to contract water borne diseases and hence the need for mass triage. Cordoning off an area might also be necessary so as to differentiate the flood infested areas from those that are not. Cordoned off areas are not allowed to be reached by others unless the flood subsidises.Why is emergency management so important during this phase? Could an unorganized response actually lead to more confusion and chaos? How can resources and personnel be allocated efficiently with a central command post? Emergency management is important in each and every stage in disaster management. However, its importance is very vital during this stage because of the following reasons. Emergency management helps overcoming the emergencies because there is always a plan for it. With a good plan in place, all is possible. Secondly, emergency management helps in knowing the best way to deal with any problem should it arise. Having a survival kit is also another way th rough which emergency management helps an individual during occurrences like the flood. in spite of appearance the kit there are materials that are necessary in overcoming the emergency (Haddow, Bullock & Coppola, 2008). Confusion and chaos arises in situations where after an emergency, there is unorganized response from the management team. This always comes as a result of lack of emergency management tips. Having a central command post during emergencies like floods is very healthy in tackling the problem at hand efficiently. The stakeholders come to in helping solve the emergency for example floods, always meet in the command post and work cooperatively to successfully diminish the emergency through implementing a single incident action plan. A unified command post helps in the following waysAllows for specialist input whereby only specialised individuals are allowed to work on what they can handleIt authorises each stakeholder to have input about how they believe the emergency will be managed. Having the right command post therefore ensures that only qualified personnel are assigned reliable tasks. This is because they are the ones with governance on that field hence they can always deliver their best.What are the initial steps that essential(prenominal) be taken in the first place retrieval operations can take place? Why is disaster retrieval so important? Should we strive to make the area better than I t was to begin with the incident? Recovery involves reconstruct the whole confederacy so that the affected individuals, governments and other body can now work on their own as they resume normalcy as sound as prevent them from future hazards (Clements, 2009). The following should be done in the beginning retrieval operations can take place. The officials should get clearance to recruit the site. The extent of the damage should also be looked at ahead starting the recuperation process. Those planning to undertake t he recovery process should also get professional advice. Command centre for the recovery effort should also be sought before embarking on the recovery process. Another important aspect that should be looked before starting the recovery process is establishing security procedures for the recovery site. Lastly, deciding how the salvaged materials will be treated should also be looked before commencing the recovery process. Recovering from the trauma experienced during the floods might be quite challenging for many people. Therefore proper recovery steps must be undertaken to ensure people heal appropriately. Some of the recovery efforts include giving medical aid, providing relief which comprises of food, water etc., clearing up the area, rebuilding damaged structures, reopening schools, businesses and all those places that were affected. The disaster recovery is so important in that it attempts to bring the affected people back to normalcy. People recovering from disasters alway s tend to have negative views so through the use of recovery process, they are made to appreciate life once more. The recovery team should endeavour to make the area a better place than it was. departure an area in the same or worse state than it was before makes people have bad feelings about such cases. Hence, the need for make an area a better place than it was before. How can the habitual or non-profit organizations assist in recovery operations? Should volunteers be sought and utilized? How could state-supported donations be collected? How could debris be recovered and endd? The unexclusive and the non-profit organisations have been used in recovery operations. The non-profit organizations serves as health care providers, emergency shelter operations, and search and rescue team. Furthermore, they offer psychological training, as well as emergency communications. The man may also be used in assisting the affected group through being with them together. Th is always makes such people feel appreciated. They always feel that people are together with them even in their predicaments. The role of the public and non-profit organizations like churches cannot be underestimated. So as to make the recovery process a success, volunteers should be utilised. Volunteers are people who are willing to offer authentic assistance at no pay. These volunteers might have dealt with similar cases before and are therefore more suited to serve and help the affected people. Those in the team should however strive to know the real volunteers. Some may volunteer with sinister motives. These people always lower or reduce the rate at which recovery process is achieved. Such people always make use of the vulnerable condition of the affected people for their own selfish gain. This vice however should be condemned. Public donations are very helpful in helping people recover from floods and its effects. People affected by floods needs food, quick medi cal attention and other basic necessities. The donations from the public if not collected using the right channels, might end up not helping in the intended purpose. excess bodies should always be put in place to man the public donations. Prompt cleaning of debris remains after the floods prevents odors, diseases. Contamination from hasten offs and many more. The following are some of the methods that are used to remove debris. The vegetation should be attached of correctly. They should be handled in a panache that prevents draining into streams, ditches and other surface water sources (Lamond, 2012). Structures that are destroyed should be managed by the property owner and contractors if the floods affected construction sites. Sediments should also be discarded as solid waste. Whenever sewage is encountered during the debris disposal process that waste does not necessarily need to be separated. It should be disposed at a landfill mixed with other debris from the flood. Is the management of public dealings crucial during the recovery process? How could information be relayed to the public to assure them that everything that needs to be done is being done? How could some of the survivors mental health have been affected by the disaster? Should crisis counselors be sought to deal with the survivors and victims of the disaster? The management of public relations is very important during the recovery process. Good public relations enhances good recovery. When there is poor public relations, there is less that canbe done to quicken the recovery process. Consoling affected people is of utmost importance during the recovery period. The people who have been affected by floods needs to be always encouraged that all is well and that help is always underway. loss people in conditions whereby they are not informed promptly, panic always arises. The best way to inform the public that all is well is by using leaders who they trust. I nformation which comes from a more authoritative person or a person who is experienced in a certain field holds more waters than information being rumored. The mental health of flood survivors may at times be affected. This is mainly in instances where the floods were so much and it caused serious destructions. The survivors might have seen some of their family members drown as a result of the floods. Sometimes, they themselves might have been rescued from wipeout narrowly. For such people to heal completely, they need the services of a crisis guidance for them to recover completely. The crisis counsellors are trained in dealing with problems like these and so they help the affected in overcoming the challenges they face. How important is it to promote a ending of vulnerability reduction to prevent disasters from occurringin the first place or at least mitigating their consequences if they do occur? Vulnerability is a set of conditions which results from phys ical, economic, environmental and social concomitantors that increases a persons susceptibility to the effects of the hazards. Promoting the agriculture of vulnerability helps in preventing disasters as well as mitigating their effects. This is due to the fact that the culture of vulnerability makes people awake(predicate) of the problems they are facing. When one is aware of whatever he or she is undergoing, then he or she becomes alert for anything. Being prepared means that solutions to problems can always be found before its too late. Apart from making people aware, people are also have strong coping capacity. They are always aware and so they can cope as required hence helps in preventing the disaster. How can technology be harnessed to smooth the recovery process? What are some tools available to emergency managers for recovery operations? Could the lessons learned from this disaster response and recovery be used in the future to better help communities resp ond to and deal with a disaster? What are some new and possibly unhoped threats that could arise in the future?Technology can be used to create tools that will lead to faster healings. The recovery process for it to be successful, technology must be used well. With the appropriate technology in place, transportation of medicine, staffs and other essentials that are needed will be availed easily. Tools available for use by emergency managers during the recovery process includes weather sensor and satellite, fibre optics, phones video, medical equipment. The lessons learnt from this disaster response are very helpful in dealing with future occurrences. The response when dealing with flood can be used when dealing with other types of floods. Some of the possible threats that are likely to occur during dealing with floods is the network problem. When floods occur, network connection is always tampered with. This happens to be the unexpected threats in when dealing with floods. Net work unavailability hinders smooth communication.ReferencesClements, B. (2009). 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